Man is linked to nature, flora and fauna throughout his life. He loves the beauty of the world and this is reflected in poetry, prose, paintings. He expresses emotions with her. In practice, the attitude towards the surrounding world is consumerist. Ecological problems that man creates with his own hands are a disruption of the natural balance leading to catastrophe on a global scale.
Human impact on the environment as a global problem
Man’s negative impact on the environment is taking on a global dimension. Human activities are becoming the main cause of ecological degradation on the planet.
Construction work, industrial development, transportation and mining are closely linked to processes of planetary destruction. The negative impact on nature is not left unaddressed:
- climate change
- ecology deteriorates
- the number of natural disasters is increasing
If we do not find solutions to the contradictions between the environment and man, all life on the planet will be on the verge of extinction.
The ecological problem in the modern world
The period of industrial development marked a new stage in man’s relationship with the biosphere. Humanity is like in a struggle with nature, trying to get as much out of it as possible. Society does not notice that it is dragging the Earth towards destruction due to the global ecological problems of modern times:
- The greenhouse effect
- Water, air and soil pollution
- Ozone layer depletion
- Natural disasters
- Death of flora and fauna
- Major epidemics, major diseases
Living organisms are inextricably linked to the biosphere. They need sun, clean air and water, fertile soil. They cannot adapt to other conditions. It would take a long time. And negative changes in the types of major environmental problems are occurring at an alarming rate.
Greenhouse effect and global warming
Industries release huge amounts of carbon dioxide, methane and heavy metal compounds into the atmosphere. The substances concentrate above the planet, forming a kind of film.
The film lets warm sunlight pass freely to the planet but traps heat rising from the surface. This leads to what is now humanity’s global environmental problem – the greenhouse effect. The average annual temperature of the planet and oceans is increasing.
The result is climate change. Frosts are interspersed with damage; unusually hot days, hurricanes, earthquakes and floods are on the rise. Added to this is the melting of permafrost and the rise in ocean levels.
Air, water and soil pollution
The rapid development of energy, industry and chemical industry has led to increased consumption of natural resources. Irrational use depleted the planet’s resources and destroyed the balance of the ecosystem. Tons of concentrated gases rise above factories, poisoning the atmosphere.
This is what humans breathe as a result.
Soil and water are polluted at the same time. Emissions from industry and transportation are deposited on the ground. This changes the structure of the soil.
It takes hundreds of years for the fertile layer to form. Chemical fertilizers used in agriculture, which pollute the soil with aluminum, iron, zinc, lead, kill humus. Pesticides disrupt the natural components of the biosphere.
Ozone depletion and ozone holes
One of Earth’s global environmental problems is the depletion of the ozone layer, which is an integral part of the atmosphere. Without it, the Earth cannot support a wide range of species. It absorbs a certain amount of light and ultraviolet radiation. The ozone layer serves the following processes:
- neutralizing carbon dioxide
- reflecting cosmic rays
- regulating the planet’s temperature
- oxygen retention
The depletion of this essential component of life threatens all life on the planet. Natural gases are also considered to be among the negative factors affecting the ozone layer. An example is a volcanic eruption that splits the ozone layer.
Acid rain, desertification and land degradation
Air pollution and soil pollution are also becoming major environmental problems globally. Emissions are concentrated in the atmosphere and fall to the earth’s surface in the form of precipitation, which contains a lot of acid. The causes are sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides emitted by power plants, transportation and processing plants.
Acid rain affects plants by washing away the protective layer of leaves, spoils cultural monuments by corroding stone, and changes the composition of water bodies.
The result of anthropogenic activities is land degradation which leads to desertification. The soil loses its fertile layer, forcing humans and wildlife to migrate from these areas. The serious consequences of this process are:
- the threat of food shortage, leading to hunger
- shortage of drinking water
- serious illnesses
- epidemics linked to migration
But what can we change?
The paths to follow
We must hope that the generation we live in is not the last on Earth. But the environment is deteriorating rapidly. We must therefore take measures that can affect all areas:
- Greater attention to the protection of natural resources
- Rational use of water reserves
- Strict control of enterprise emissions, construction of wastewater treatment plants
- Limit the use of forest and underground resources through recycling
- Increase recycling facilities
- Take measures to prevent environmental pollution
- We will intensify our efforts to control noise, industrial pollution
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